Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act Essay -- Chinese Immigrants, Americ

Impact of the Chinese projection ActMany Chinese immigrants falsely claimed American citizenship during the exclusion eraIve considered this questionever since I learned that my American last name was different, in spelling and meaning, from my Chinese last name Whats in a name? said Karen Lew, a community anchor at the Museum of Chinese in America. She discovered that her ancestors were forced to change their last names during the Chinese Exclusion Act to prevent deportation. Most believe that the Chinese Exclusion Act was a mistake from the American government. The Chinese Exclusion Act had an impact on not only the Chinese, but also most Asians Americans lives.In the year of 1848, a significant amount of currency was discovered in Sutters Mill. The gold rush not only made Eastern American labors to come to the West, but also caused a large amount of people in chinaware to immigrate over in hopes of a fortune (Tien, Kelly). Chinese workers then were willing to take jobs that no one else really wants to do, stated Munson Kwok, president of the LA chapter of the Chinese American Citizens Alliance (qtd. in Los Angeles Times). As stated in Menlos Sun Server, when the American economy became unstable during the Panic of 1873, labors thought that the working(a) and low-paid Chinese were receiving more money than they should, therefore reducing the non-Chinese workers wages. The Chinese eventually became scapegoats for the economic downfall, and the non-Chinese workers started propaganda against the Chinese, making cartoons and slogans like Mark the man who would crush us to the direct of the Mongolian slave. Immigration taxes and laundry-operation fees were passed to limit Chinese population (Menlos Sun Server). Ultimately, ... .... Undergraduate Research Journal for the military man Sciences. Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences. University of Chicago, n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2014.United States v. Wong Kim Ark. United States Reports 169. Norther n District of California. 28 Mar. 1898. United States v. Wong Kim Ark - 169 U.S. 649 (1898). N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.UNITED STATES v. WONG KIM ARK. United States v. Wong Kim Ark. The Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.Wing, Bob. Crossing pass and Nationality The Racial Formation of Asian Americans, 1852-1965. Monthly Review 7 (2005) 1. ELibrary. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.Wong, William. The Citizenship of Wong Kim Ark. San Francisco Examiner 08 Apr. 1998, Second Edition ed., News sec. A-19. Print.Yokoi, Iris. CHINATOWN Exclusion Laws Effect Examined. Los Angeles Times 12 Dec. 1993 n. pag. Print.

Run With The Horsemen Essay -- essays research papers

Little gatekeeper Osborne, Jr. grew up on a farm in Georgia where the people own the land and the land, in turn, owns the people. In the novel, Run with the Horsemen, Porter fights his way through adolescence and the depression, learning more about life every day from the big boys under the tree at lunch. Ferrol Sams is able to portray a realistic account of life on a farm during the depression by using humor, dialect, and vivid imagery. Humor is apply throughout the book to keep the reader interested in what would otherwise be a boring story of hard work and hard times. The boring and tedious act of plowing is turned into a dangerous, yet humorous, occurrence when a release of methane gas from the mule was met by a match that Porter happened to be holding in cl...

War and Propaganda: A Look at How the Two Have Been Inseparable Though Time :: Essays Papers

War and Propaganda A Look at How the Two Have Been Inseparable though TimeThere have been many wars that the Unites States has been a part of. Some were fought on American soil, others fought abroad. But through it all, there has always been a ingest for the publics support. And what better way to get that support than by putting reading out there for the public. Now of course this is biased information that it put forth in front of the general public just enough to get people caring and thinking about the war, but not enough to keep them fully educated on the subject. Once people start knowing too more and researching, it becomes something that they either feel has too much support, or they take stands that the government does not want. The different media that is out there is geared towards the general public knowing the truth. But I pose the interrogative mood that what is the truth? especially back in the old days? Who, but those who put the information out, knew what was really going on when it came to wars and the enemies? This is why I vox populi it might be interesting to look at the way the citizens were swayed towards believing certain things during the war. Why was there such a scare about the Japanese being in the United States during WWII? The propaganda that was out at the time was highly against the Japanese, even the Japanese Americans, calling them the enemy. While it is sad to know that these sentiments are true, it is classic to remember the past and to learn from it. History of PropagandaPropaganda has been a human activity as far back as reliable recorded evidence exists. The books of Romans like Livy are considered masterpieces of pro-Roman statist propaganda. The term itself originates with the Roman Catholic Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, the department of the pontifical administration charged with the spread of Catholicism and with the polity of ecclesiastical affairs in non-Catholic countries (mi ssion territory). The actual Latin stem propagand- conveys a sense of that which ought to be spread. Propaganda techniques were first codified and applied in a scientific manner by journalist Walter Lippman and psychologist Edward Bernays (nephew of Sigmund Freud) early in the 20th century. During World War I, Lippman and Bernays were hired by the United States president Woodrow Wilson to sway favorite opinion to enter the war on the side of Britain.

Sexuality in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums Essay -- Chrysanthemu

Sexuality in Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums Reading over this excellent explanation once more, I am again filled with the same emotion (if it can be called that) that I experienced when first reading it. Steinbeck planned for that. In a letter to George Albee in 1933, Steinbeck comments on this story and his interest in Albees opinion of it. ...It is entirely different and is designed to strike without the readers knowledge. I mean he reads it casually and after it is consummate feels that something profound has happened to him although he does not know what nor how. I knew after reading this, that Steinbeck is truly a marvel. It is one thing to have enough luck to countenance your readers with this sense after theyve read something of yours, but to have it happen to them when youve actually planned it This is incredible. I was not the only person feel what Steinbeck had planned. And in that group, I was not the only one to want to pick apart this story to find out wh y I felt this way, what he intended me to feel, and what his story meant taking all things into consideration. when looking at various criticisms, I found a division line that could be made between the sexes. Most women concord with me and felt the sexual tension apparent in the story. This sexual tension was quiet and sensual. The only men that picked up on this picked out some overtly sexual innuendoes and chose to ignore the subtleties as Elizas mood changes and tone of voice. The other men attributed any sexual tension to Elizas need for children, which is a valid point, but it ignores also many other things in the story to fit it well. ... ...e predominantly male or predominantly female side, nor can they be pushed into little cubby holes that limit the different stereo-types of a woman. Her androgyny uses such stereo-types to define her, and to go over that and then use even more to define the end product of the story would be a mistake. Works Cited Steinbeck, John. T he Chrysanthemums 1937. Literature. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs eds. London Prentice Hall, 1998. Mitchell, Marylin L. Steinbecks Strong Women Feminine Identity in the Short Stories, Southwest Review, Vol. 61, No. 3, Summer, 1976, pp. 304-15. McMahah, Elizabeth E. The Chrysanthemums Study of a Womans Sexuality, Modern Fiction Studies, Vol. XIV, No 4. Winter, 1968-69, pp. 453-58. Hughes, R. S. John Steinbeck A Study of the Short Fiction. Boston Twayne Publishers, 1989.

File management and standard ways of working Home: Computer Science : :: Computer Science

File oversight and standard ways of working Home Computer Science File management and standard ways of working File management and standard ways of workingFile management and standard ways of working Keep data secure, e.g. from theft, loss, viruses, fireYou should keep culture secured from theft on expectant magnetic diskfailures you can also keep your information safe from viruses thatcan wipe in all your files off the computer.The way to keep the information safe is to have a BACK-UP file. Aback-up file is a file that has all protected work on it and can be savedunder a different name in a different folder or can be saved onto adisc. A floppy disc can also transfer up to 1.44 megabytes of databetween computers. You can use hard discs for back-ups because thesurface of the disc stores data digitally, CD-ROMs are read onlyoptical discs, DVDs can hold up to 17 gigabytes of data, MagneticTapes are the most usual utilise for back-up devices and Zip or Jaz discthe common remova ble media all these be used as back-up devices.We do back-ups so that any lost information that is important we canhave a mirror copy of the document saved somewhere else so thatnothing will happen to it. The backups should be used with passwords,username.I think backup are helpful because if the computer had a power failureand I havent saved my work wherefore it means I would have to do all theagain, which means it would take longer then what it would have beenif I had saved it in the fist place. comfort confidentiality, e.g. prevent unauthorised door to documentsor recordsTo protect documents from confidentiality you can use the three maintypes of data security and they are* Physical security* retrieve security* Data securityTo protect data using physical security you should follow the 7SAD-FLAB rules to stay safe with confidentiality and they are1. Serial modus operandi2. Alarms3. Doors4. Fire protection5. Lock6. Avoid7. Blinds.You can use these to protect the hardware becaus e if anything happensyou have to spend money on a new hard which is expensive. You canlimit the amount of access to any important data by using usernames,passwords and firewalls to release anyone from hacking into files thatdont have the right to access it.To protect data from access security you should limit a persons useof the network. With this security all authorised users should begiven usernames and passwords. This is to stop people from hackinginto data bases.To protect data using data security files can be password protected to

File management and standard ways of working Home: Computer Science : :: Computer Science

File management and standard ways of workings Home Computer lore File management and standard ways of working File management and standard ways of workingFile management and standard ways of working Keep information secure, e.g. from theft, loss, viruses, fireYou should keep information secured from theft on voteless discfailures you gutter also keep your information safe from viruses that merchantman wipe all your files off the computer.The way to keep the information safe is to view as a BACK-UP file. Aback-up file is a file that has all save work on it and can be protectedunder a different name in a different folder or can be saved onto adisc. A floppy disc can also transfer up to 1.44 megabytes of databetween computers. You can use hard discs for back-ups because thesurface of the disc stores data digitally, CD-ROMs argon read onlyoptical discs, DVDs can hold up to 17 gigabytes of data, MagneticTapes are the most common used for back-up devices and Zip or Jaz discthe com mon removable media all these be used as back-up devices.We do back-ups so that whatsoever lost information that is important we canhave a mirror copy of the document saved somewhere else so thatnothing will buy the farm to it. The backups should be used with passwords,username.I think backup are helpful because if the computer had a power failureand I havent saved my work then it means I would have to do all theagain, which means it would take longer then what it would have beenif I had saved it in the fist place.Protect confidentiality, e.g. prevent unauthorised access to documentsor recordsTo protect documents from confidentiality you can use the three maintypes of data security and they are* personal security* Access security* Data securityTo protect data using physical security you should follow the 7SAD-FLAB rules to stay safe with confidentiality and they are1. Serial number2. Alarms3. Doors4. Fire protection5. Lock6. Avoid7. Blinds.You can use these to protect the hardwar e because if anything happensyou have to spend money on a new hard which is expensive. You canlimit the amount of access to any important data by using usernames,passwords and firewalls to stop anyone from hacking into files thatdont have the right to access it.To protect data from access security you should limit a persons useof the network. With this security all authorised users should begiven usernames and passwords. This is to stop people from hackinginto data bases.To protect data using data security files can be password protected to

Engage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s setting Essay

My duties and responsibilities as a foster cargonr are many, i must expect chela A best interests at heart at all times, i provide a right and stimulating environment for child A to fall in to the best of her ability, to keep her guard from harm and abuse. I must make sure all her appointments e,g doctors dentist and language and speech are attended and up to date and recorded.That child A is taught about personal hygiene and why it is so important to do this daily , where ever she may be living. Be a positive role model for her, show her i am there for her to depend on and what i say i mean and do, ease her with her school work giving positive praise for the smallest of tasks. To give her new experiences help her to develop her tender skills, give her ways to show how shes feeling, clack and listen to her about whats going on, show her that her that she is important , that her views and feelings matter, keep her wellhead informed of whats happening on her behalf , doing all this and keeping confidentiality.For me to await this out to the best of my ability i attend regular training for me to develop the skills i need , also attend meetings with appropriate people e,g social doers, key workers, guardians, teachers and any other professional that has an influence on child As life. I also attend a support free radical that has talks about different issues that may occur and a chance to talk to other foster carers and social workers about any concerns i may be in possession of in a confidential setting. I also keep records, daily logs which are kept locked away for confidential reasons, on how child A is doing, and her positive behaviour also any concerns I may have. I also take child A to contact on a a couple of(prenominal) occasions during the week, having a positive relationship with the people child A sees is a positive experience for her.1.2 This QCF is based on The National Occupational Standards that you are expected to meet in every unit. Ex plain the expectations about your own workrole as expressed in relevant standards ie enter of Practice, National Minimum Standards, National Occupational Standards.Health and safety at work act 1974 all electrical equipment working correctly, all gas appliances safe to use, these are to be checked yearly by qualified people. No hazards that can cause slips trips or falls. That all hazardous substances are locked away. All out-of-door areas are safe from harm. All vehicles that are used are road worthy. That household hygiene is paramount at all times. That pet are well behaved. That general safety is maintained at all times. Childrens act 2004 , every child matters - 5 core outcomes, Be healthy-promote physical, emotional, mental health. Stay safe - keep them safe from maltreatment , neglect, violence and sexual exploitation , accidental injury and death, bullying and discrimination.Enjoy and achieve - support leaning, attendance at school, reaching abilities. Make a positive con tribution encourage making choices , being involved, promoting good behaviour. Achieve economic well-being - encourage further education, better lifestyles. sustainment council for Wales, code of practise for social care workers - As a foster carer i must protect the rights of child A promote her interests , gain her charge and build her pledge, promote her independence, but keeping her safe at all times. Respect her rights and choices as long as they cause no harm to herself or others. Be accountable for my work, take responsibility for my actions and maintain and improve child As knowledge and skills, do any relevant training for me to be able to carry out my role effectively.2.1 Explain giving three reasons why reflective practice is important in continuously improving the property of service provided I feel reflective practise is very important within my role as things change all the time, i have to be able to adapt to any given situation and deal with it at that time, by l ooking back at what you did, will help you to see if you could have dealt with the situation differently, if it occurs again or a similar situation. The environment, age and development, life experiences, training are all factors. Reflective practise helps to improve my quality of care, increases my confidence learning and through experiences, no-one is right all of the time.2.3 Describe how your own values, belief systems and experiences may affect your working practise. As a adult i cannot hatch being told i rage you being hugged or any signs of affection being given, but i do know i was loved. I have brought into my family hugs whenever wanted or needed or just a hug for no reason, i tell my daughter and child A i love them every day, and i do. (if this is what the child wants).4.1 Identify 3 sources of support available to you for planning and reviewing your own development. I receive support and encouragement from my QCF assessor, my key worker and the children i work with, w ithin my role and family life.

Online Purchases and Delivery Service in NTUC Fairprice Essay

INTRODUCTIONNTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd (NTUC) was founded in 1973 by the labour movement. Its early supermarket was opened in Toa Payoh in the resembling year. NTUC has now grown to become Singapores largest seller, with a internet of more than 270 stores comprising FairPrice Supermarkets, FairPrice Finest, FairPrice Xtra, FairPrice Xpress and Cheers convenience stores. NTUC to a fault owns a Fresh feed Distri saveion Centre and a centralised warehousing and distribution comp whatever. Sales in 2013 were typographyed at more than S$2.6 billion.NTUC also operates an online store where nodes fanny order their groceries directly from their online store and have them delivered to their homes or finales of their choice.This paper searchs the business performances management of NTUC in Singapore and the possible ch bothenges NTUC may face in their online retail and speech service. This paper also evaluates and recommends appropriate measures that NTUC should see to overcome these challenges as well as the methods to measure the business performance of the new process. get out 1NTUCs Business FunctionsNTUC operates with three core business functions to run the chain of supermarkets in Singapore Procurement, storehouse/Distribution and Retail. These functions are supported by Finance, Information Systems and Human Resources.Figure 1 Process F misfortunate of NTUCOnline Retailing and language ServiceNTUC currently operates an online grocery store from their website.According to their websites serve well division (2009), NTUC mentioned partnering a logistics service provider to provide the speech communication services to customers.In its website (2009), customers have the option to drive their preferred date of auction pitch but the earliest they can receive their purchase is by the next working day. NTUC currently does non provide address services on Sundays and Public Holidays. Delivery charges apply according to the order amount and additiona l charges give also be impose to rearrange another lecture date if the customer is not present to receive the goods.Challenges of Online Retailing and Delivery ServiceUsing the Soft Systems Methodology (Checkland, 1981), we identified most key challenges ( extension 1) that NTUC may face for their online retailing and delivery service to their customers. Xing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie (2011) grouped these challenges broadly under availability, timeliness and designate.AvailabilityThere is a lack of online tracking system.TimelinessOnline grocers are unable to offer same day delivery to customers.Deliveries fail to arrive as promised.Distribution centres need to blow over more time picking individual orders for customers. ConditionThere is a need to have delivery accuracy as products with shelf life, especially fresh food, would require cooling.Products are damaged during transit.Literature Review of ChallengesAvailabilityXing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie (2010 and 2011) condu cted postal surveys with chosen households and qualitative interviews with retailers, logistics service providers and experts for their inquiry papers. Both papers found that one of the key challenges of online home delivery is to funding customers informed of the availability and emplacement of their purchase. Without suchonline tracking systems, a big gap will be created between what the customers want to purchase and what they are offered eventually. Ruby and Zhao (2010) also identified that the well-nigh substantial attribute that affects customers satisfaction is the ability for online retailers to provide on-time delivery which would impact the customers decision to repurchase in future.Ling, Yang and Jun (2013) also describe that customers feel that the unavailability of uniform products will affect their online shopping experience negatively.TimelinessAccording to Ling, Yang and Jun (2013), most customers tend to get very frustrated when faced with the inconvenience c aused by any delay in delivery. Customers feel the hassle of having to stay at home along with the uncertainty in waiting time for the delivery person to provide up with their purchase.Another challenge as reported by Starkey, A (2010) is that 17.5% of the customers had no one at home to receive their purchase during the normal delivery hours and 37.5% of them were only at home on some days. According to him, this translates to a 55% probability that customers run the risk of a failed delivery since at that place was no one available to sign their purchase.Another challenge that is highlighted by Xing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie (2011) is the timeliness of the standard delivery schedule. According to the authors, retailers and logistics service providers kept the delivery charges low so as to remain competitive as providing spry delivery services would usually greet a premium for customers. Such measures usually result in a standard 3 to 5 business days for delivery causing a re latively low level of customer satisfaction in this area.Condition ground on the findings by Xing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie (2011), customers satisfaction level drops when their purchases are delivered wrongly or theorders are incomplete. Another factor that impacts their satisfaction level is the condition of the goods being delivered. As in the case of perishable items, customers expect their purchase to be delivered fresh.Operations Strategy Perspectives for NTUCUsing the four perspectives on operations schema (Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R, 2013 Ch 3 Pg 73 85), we seek to understand the different perspectives that will help us recommend the appropriate solutions for NTUC in its online retail and delivery system.Figure 2 The Four Perspectives on Operations Strategy (Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R, 2013 Ch 3 Pg 73 Figure 3.3)Top-Down PerspectivesAccording to NTUCs website (2009), its vision is to be Singapores guide world-class retailer with a hea rt. NTUC also strived to provide its customers with the best value, quality products and excellent service, be a preferred employer, to moderate the cost of hold in Singapore, and serve the needs of our members, the labour movement and the community.Bottom-Up PerspectivesAccording to Song, L., Cherrett, T. and Guan, W (2011), besides inconveniencing the customers, distribution centres also incur high costs whenever there are failed deliveries. The authors suggested that there are environmental costs to be considered for every added trip to the customers. This suggests that the carbonic acid gas emissions caused by these repeated trips would join on. NTUC should work closely with its upcountry Warehousing/Distribution team to understand these concerns before discontinueing the strategy forward.Market Requirements PerspectivesVarious authors (Xing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie,2010 and 2011 and et al) identified that customers expect to be kept updated of the status of their purcha se prompt delivery service as well as having purchases delivered to them in good conditions.Operations Resources PerspectivesAccording to Xing, Grant, MaKinnon and Fernie (2011), a high operational cost would make retailers cost sensitive. Technology advancements require monetary investments and yet retailers need to strike a balance between home delivery cost and the amount they charge their customers. Therefore, NTUC should explore how it can optimize its operations functions and resources to continue delivering the values customers expect.Appropriate Solutions for NTUCBased on the challenges identified and with the understanding of the 4 perspectives that NTUC need to consider, the following are some of the recommendations that NTUC should adopt to improve on their online retail and delivery systemUpgrade the online order systemImplement online tracking systemIncorporate a parade / delivery pointUpgrade the Online Order SystemAccording to Ruby, R.D. & Zhao, M. (2010), NTUC shoul d, in order to satisfy its online customers and reckon that they return to the retailer to purchase again, ensure that their website should be able to control conditions where a product is out-of-stock. The online website should provide updated inventory information of the product to avoid customers becoming unhappy over a failed purchase. It is also important to ensure that the descriptions of the product are authentic and exactly matches the intended product.NTUC should provide more delivery options (Xing, Y., Grant, D.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Fernie, J., 2011) and consumers who are willing to pay a premium for these choices could necessitate their preferred delivery options with more specified dates and times. The authors believed that the premium delivery charges customers pay will eventually offset the increased in delivery costof NTUC or their appointed logistics service provider.Implement Online Tracking SystemXing, Y., Grant, D.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Fernie, J. (2011) concluded in their report that setting up an online tracking system is very important as it allows customers to keep track of their purchases. If retailers are using a logistics service provider which is the case for NTUC, a link to the logistics service providers tracking system should also be provided.The authors also suggested that retailers can adopt software applications that operate alongside their existing parliamentary procedure system. These software applications are able to provide timely contact with the customer by email or text messages during the time of fulfillment to keep customers updated of their order status at appropriate times. The most important messages are at the point when their purchases are ready to be delivered with confirmation of the delivery date and time.Having a good tracking system not only precipitates the probability of first time delivery failures, Edwards, J.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Cullinane, S.L. (2010) also reported that reducing repeating trips will sig nificantly reduce the CO2 emissions. In their findings, a standard home delivery for a non-food item would be allocated 98 gCO2. Therefore, striving to improve on the home delivery system would also help reduce any painful impact to the environmental.Incorporate a Collection/Delivery PointTo reduce the number of un in(predicate) home deliveries to customers, NTUC should implement a network of collection/delivery points (Song, L., Cherrett, T. & Guan, W., 2011) as alternatives to the delivery addresses in their system. This means allowing customers to choose a nearest collection/delivery point where they would like to pick up their purchase from if they come across to be away when the delivery person arrived. Customers can also have the option to select the collection/delivery point as their delivery destination if they are sure they will not be home to receive theirpurchase. Retailers can definitely benefit from this implementation as it reduces the number of re-delivery attempts. PART 2A Perspective of the New SystemWe use Soft Systems Methodology (Checkland, 1981) to have a systematic view of the new system (Appendix 2). In the process, we also identified two potential problems that may arise from this new system.Behjati, S. and Othaman, S.N. (2012) said that one of the key drivers of online shopping is trust and reliability. If customers do not trust the belief of shopping online, it would suck more effort for NTUC to try to switch these customers to online customers. Another potential problem is an proved online ordering system would take up more mesh bandwidth in NTUC. Therefore, the retailer must ensure that there is sufficient bandwidth (Ling (Alice) Jiang, Yang, Z. & Jun, M., 2013) to allow customers to search its online store seamlessly.NTUCs As Is ProcessIn the Help section of NTUCs website (2009), a customer simply need to log into their account, select the products and the required quantity before adding into the shopping cart. Once the purcha se is confirmed, an email will be sent to the customer instructing him/her of the delivery information. According to the website, the earliest date customers can receive their purchase is by the next working day. NTUC currently does not provide delivery services on Sundays and Public Holidays. Delivery charges apply according to the order amount and additional charges will also be imposed to rearrange another delivery date if the customer is not present to receive the goods.A clearer version of the as is process of NTUC is attached in Appendix 3.Figure 3 As-Is Process of NTUCNTUCs To Be ProcessWith the proposed upgrading of the online ordering system, online tracking system and implementing a collection / delivery point for NTUC, the to-be process is drafted in Figure 4 with a clearer version attached in Appendix 4.Figure 4 To-Be Process of NTUCFreeman, M. and Freeman, A. (2010) emphasized the importance that for the online ordering system to work, all products in the retailers inve ntory must be displayed. Out-of-stock products must be clearly indicated so that customers can make decisions on the spot to select alternative products. Rose, S., Clark, M., Samouel, P. and Hair, N. (2012), in their study, also supports this by saying that it is important for the retailers website to be easy to use. An overly complex navigation and information constipate will reduce the probability of customers returning to patronize the online store.Omar, M., Bathgate, I. and Nwankwo, S. (2011), in their research, considered that when a customer is well-provided with order information and a clear estimate of the product reaching information, customers will be more certain of what they ordered and when they can expect their products to be delivered. It is therefore recommended for NTUC to set up an online tracking system for the purpose of allowing customers to keep an eye on their products any time of the day.Edwards, J.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Cullinane, S.L. (2010) provided that failed deliveries can cause a lot of inconvenience and highly uneconomical for both the customers, logistics service providers and retailers. According to the studies, a 100% successful first-time delivery would incur a CO2 emission of 98g for urban deliveries. This, however, increases to 110g of CO2 emission for a 12.5% delivery failure. Song, L., Cherrett, T. & Guan, W. (2011) suggested reducing failed deliveries by using a network of collection / delivery points (such as in petrol stations, convenience stores, postofficers etc) in nearby neighborhoods as alternative delivery destination. Keeping failed deliveries to a low number would limit the amount of CO2 emission to the lowest possible level.In this To-Be process, an upgraded ordering system coupled with an online tracking system for customers to track their parcels and last providing an alternative pickup location instead of having the hassle of arranging for future delivery trips will improve the transactional process whic h is according to the expectations of the customer. This will improve their erudition of NTUC.PART 3In deduct 1, we identified the challenges NTUC faced when operating the online retail and delivery system. Appropriate solutions were put up with the aim to improve these challenges. Part 2 looked at the changes that need to be made to the business process. In Part 3, we will be looking at how NTUC translate performance objectives into operation priorities and subsequently, how NTUC measures its performance and recommend further improvements to ensure the success of the new system.Implementing a Performance Measurement SystemFor NTUC to succeed into achieving its performance objectives, a performance measuring system needs to be put in place. The Balanced Scorecard (Kaplan R.S. and no.ton D.P., 1992) will be used for this purpose. Besides deciding and measuring performance, Sharma, A. (2009), in his research findings reported that the balanced scorecard can also help NTUC manage t he strategies that require implementation and improvement so that the retailers long marge goals are meet.Valmohammadi, C. and Servati, A. (2010) stated that it is very important to allow all managers, in this case all the Business Functions Managers in NTUC, participate in the performance measuring rod process. This is because implementation at various functions requires the expertise and activeparticipation of every functional levels in company.Balanced Scorecard of NTUCNTUC should start with an assessment of the companys mission and vision and working together with its functional managers identifies key objectives. SWOT analysis can be performed to eliminate the weaknesses and threats that NTUC is exposed to. NTUC will then develop the balanced scorecard (Appendix 5) which according to Sharma, A. (2009) helps each function teams understand and work towards its shared vision.The balanced scorecard depict the objectives, measures, targets and appropriate initiatives that are put in place to assess the performance around 4 broad areas (Kaplan R.S. and zero(prenominal)ton D.P., 1992), namely financial, customers, fosterage and developing and internal business processes.Financial PerspectivesThe reason why NTUC would take up the recommendations to upgrade the suggested systems is ultimately to happen upon financial returns. Without a doubt, the financial perspectives of this balanced scorecard would focus on measuring the revenue, profit and also to increase the online market share of the retail business. The indicator for revenue and profit can be retrieved from NTUCs Annual Report.NTUCs growth average revenue growth for the past 3 years average 8.91%. Hence, a 9% growth is recommended as target for the company.Figure 5 Deriving the Revenue Targets for NTUC (Source NTUC Fairprice Annual Reports)Based on the Annual Report, the profit deliver the goodsd has been consistently at approximately $120 million for 2010, 2011 and 2013. Hence, using these 3 years as benchmark, we propose NTUC to set a target of maintaining the profit level at S$125 million.Figure 6 Deriving Profit Margins for NTUC (Source NTUC Fairprice AnnualReports)According to a market report in UK (Thomas, J., 2010), sales in online retailing is expected to increase by 34.4% in 2014 compared to 2013. Online sales are also expected to increase to 12.4% of the total retail market. Basing on this forecast, NTUC could consider targeting to achieve an increase an online market share of 12% for 2014.Figure 7 Forecast UK Online Food and Drinks Market by Value, 2009 to 2014 (Source just-food)Customers PerspectivesFrom the customers perspective, NTUC decided to upgrade its online retailing and delivery process is so that it could satisfy its online customers (Ruby, R.D. & Zhao, M., 2010) and ensure that they return again for their next purchase. Hence, it is necessary that NTUC tracks its performance on customers usage of its online site.With an easier to surf online ordering sy stem that NTUC would be investing, it becomes necessary for the retailer to track its customers traffic flows on the internet (Gunawan, G., F, E. & King, M., 2008) as this gives the company an indication if it is successful in building customers sense and loyalty of its online retail service. In their study, Edwards, J., Makinnon, A. and Cullinane, S. (2011) reported that 38% of internet users access online food and grocery websites and this is likely to increase another 66% in he near future to 63%. We recommend targeting a 66% increase in online visitors as a performance measurement.Another performance measure would be to generate a report to derive the ratio of returning customers against its total online customer introduction. A target of 25% increase in online customer base is recommended which is in line with Jessica, L. (2011)s report that the number of customers at NTUC has increased by an average of 25% every year.Learning and Growth PerspectivesThe objectives on learning and growth focus on increasing the employees knowledge know-how of the new improved systems. With the implementation of the online order and tracking systems, NTUC need to ensure that its staffs undergo adequate trainings (Hoi, Y.C. and Alex W.H. Chan, 2012) to keep themselves up-to-date of what the new technology is able to achieve which allows them to handle challenges that arised in the future. As recommended by Lai, W.H. (2010), NTUC should budget 1% of its annual payroll to staff training and development.With improved system knowledge, NTUCs employees would be able to make suggestions on how the business processes can be improved (Wilson, G., DuPlessis, A. and Marx, A., 2010). Adequate trainings (Tan, K. & Newman, E., 2012) also ensure NTUCs employees are able to increase their productivity levels and NTUC should seek to achieve a 20% (Pollitt, D. 2012) increase in orders per head every month.Internal Business Processes PerspectivesIn order to ensure the successful implementat ion of the proposed new systems, NTUC needs to ensure its internal functional teams are able to work seamlessly together. To measure the performance of its internal business processes, we propose NTUC to track the delivery success, product returns and ultimately the level of CO2 emission.Unsuccessful deliveries can be very costly and inefficient for companies. Edwards, J., Makinnon, A. and Cullinane, S. (2009 and 2011) reported that approximately 30% of home deliveries failed for the first time and that between 25-30% of online purchases were returned to the retailer as compared to 6-10% in traditional shopping environments. Therefore, with implementation of the online ordering and tracking system, NTUC targets to achieve at least 80% success rate in its first time delivery and less than 25% returns of customers orders.Another recommended measure is to reduce the CO2 emission of NTUCs delivery services. Assuming that 25-30% of the online purchases were returned as mentioned above by Edwards, J., Makinnon, A. and Cullinane, S. (2009 and2011), the CO2 emission according to Edwards, J.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Cullinane, S.L. (2010) is 123g. NTUC should set its performance measurement target to reduce CO2 emission to 110g.Figure 8 Emissions (gCO2) per item including Failed Delivery Rates (Source Edwards, J.B., McKinnon, A.C. and Cullianane, S.L., 2010)CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, this paper analysed the business operations of NTUC in their online retail and delivery service. Key challenges relating to availability of the intended purchased products online, timeliness of delivery and the conditions of the products as a result of the delivery was identified.Adopting a business operations management approach, we recommend NTUC to implement an integrated online ordering and tracking system to improve the retail business processes and eventually to increase customers confidence in its online retail business. At the same time, to ensure the purchase quality is well-maintained f or the customers, NTUC should seek to reduce its delivery failure rates for the home delivery service. Establishing a network of collection / delivery points could help achieve the objective.Finally, this paper proposed using the balanced scorecard as a performance measurement tool to ensure that all business functions and managers work towards achieving NTUCs strategy and vision of this new system.REFERENCES1.Behjati, S. and Othaman, S.N. (2012) What Drives Consumers Online Shopping? Conceptual Review of Online Shopping Attributes Investigated in Previous Studies, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary enquiry in Business, Vol. 3 no(prenominal) 12, pp. 297-311 2.Checkland, P (1981) Systems Thinking, Systems, Practice, Chichester, John Wiley & Sons Ltd 3.Edwards, J., Makinnon, A. and Cullinane, S. (2011) Comparative Carbon Auditing of Conventional and Online Retail Supply Chains A Review of Methodological Issues, Supply Chain Management An international Journal, Vol. 16 No. 1,pp . 57-63 4.Edwards, J.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Cullinane, S.L. (2010) Comparative Analysis of the Carbon Footprints of Conventional and Online Retailing, world(prenominal) Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol 40 No. 1, pp. 103-123 5.Freeman, M. and Freeman, A. (2010) Online Grocery Systems Design through with(predicate) Task Analysis, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp.440-454 6.Gunawan, G., F, E. & King, M. (2008) An Empirical Study of the Uptake of Performance Measurement by Internet Retailers, Internet Research, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 361-381 7.Hoi, Y.C. and Alex W.H. Chan (2012) Increasing the Competitive Positions of Countries through Employee Training, International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 33 No. 2, pp. 144-158 8.Jessica, L. (2011) Online Grocery Shopping on the Rise in Singapore Consumers spend 200% more in first 8 months than in whole of 2010, Tribune Business News, Washington 9.Kaplan R.S. and Norton D.P. (1992) The Balanced S corecard Measures That Drive Performance, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 70 No. 1, pp.71-79 10.Lai, W.H. (2010) Technical Training in the MNCs in Malaysia A Case Study Analysis of the Petrochemical Industry, Journal of European Industrial Training, Vol. 34 No. 4, pp. 317-343 11.Ling (Alice) Jiang, Yang, Z. & Jun, M. (2013) bar consumer perceptions of online shopping convenience, Journal of Service Management, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 191-214 12.NTUC Fairprice (2009) Fairprice Online family line Help, viewed 6 May 2014, http//www.fairprice.com.sg/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/HelpView?langId=-1&storeId=90001&catalogId=10051 13.NTUC Fairprice (2011) My Retailer with a Heart. NTUC Fairprice Co-Operative Ltd Annual Report 2010/2011, Singapore 14.NTUC Fairprice (2012) The Best Things in Life are meant to be Shared. NTUC Fairprice Annual Report 2011/2012, Singapore 15.NTUC Fairprice (2013) Our Journey, Our Journal. NTUC Fairprice Annual Report 2012/2013, Singapore 16.Omar, M., Bathgate, I. and N wankwo, S. (2011) Internet Marketing and Customer Satisfaction in emergent Markets The Case of Chinese Online Shoppers, Competitiveness Review, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp.224-237 17.Pollitt, D. (2012) Training Delivers Higher productivity and Sales for Mail-stream Company, Training & Management Development Methods, Vol. 26 No. 1, pp. 513-516 18.Rose, S., Clark, M., Samouel, P. and Hair, N. (2012) Online Customer Experience in e-Retailing An Empirical Model of Antecedents and Outcomes, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 88 No. 2, pp.308-322 19.Ruby, R.D. &Zhao, M. (2010) Effects of Online Store Attributes on Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intentions, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 38 No. 7, pp. 482-496 20.Sharma, A. (2009) Implementing Balance Scorecard for Performance Measurement, IUP Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 6 No. 1, pp.7-16 21.Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R (2013) Operations Management, seventh ed., Pearson, Harlow 22.Song, L., Cherr ett, T. & Guan, W. (2011) Implications of Collection / Delivery Points for Transport and Logistics, OR Insight, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 231-255 23.Song, L., Cherrett, T. & Guan, W. (2011) Implications of Collection/Delivery Points for Transport and Logistics, OR Insight, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 231-255 24.Starkey, A (2010) e-Retail Using Home Delivery as a Service Differentiator and Strategic Marketing Tool, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 165-173 25.Tan, K. & Newman, E. (2012) Sales propel Training Evaluation, Journal of Business & Economics Research (Online), Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 105 26.Thomas, J. (2010) globular Market Review of Online Grocery Retailing Forecasts to 2014 Chapter 6 The Future, Ch 6, pp.46, Aroq Limited, Bromsgrove 27.Thomas, J. (2010) Global Market Review of Online Grocery Retailing Forecasts to 2014, Aroq Limited, Bromsgrove 28.Valmohammadi, C. and Servati, A. (2010) Performance Measurement System Implementation using Balanced Scorecard and Statistical Methods, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Measure, Vol. 60 No. 5, pp.493-511 29.Wilson, G., DuPlessis, A. and Marx, A. (2010) The Use of Suggestion Systems as a Tool to Solicit Input from Internal Customers, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business, Vol. 2 No. 7, pp. 212-223 30.Xing, Y., Grant, D.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Fernie, J. (2010) Physical Distribution Service Quality in Online Retailing, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 40 No. 5, pp. 415-432 31.Xing, Y., Grant, D.B., McKinnon, A.C. & Fernie, J. (2011) The embrasure between Retailers and Logistics Service Providers in the Online Market, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 45 No. 3, pp. 334-357

Explain dietary requirements

The strengths and weaknesses of the record must(prenominal) be highlighted in PA and discussed some in Produce a picture in your let format and it must undertake the following Use assignment brief for guidance to do it all deprecate a jut out in your own format and It must ensure the following use be highlighted In PA and discussed approximately In Mackerel 7 years The nutritional plan e highlighted In PA and discussed virtually In Produce a plan In your own format introduce a plan In your own format and It must ensure the following use be highlighted in PA and discussed intimately in MIT must ensure the following Use must ensure the following Use assignment brief for guidance to complete all the criteria 7 days The nutritional plan must match your diet record, PA. The strengths and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following use assignment rife for guidance to complete all th e criteria 7 days The nutritional plan must match your diet record, PA.The strengths and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following use assignment brief for guidance to complete all the highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan In your own format and it and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted In PA and discussed about In MM explain dietary requirements By shellfishes &_Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following Use hippodrome a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following Use be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Mesenteric 7 days The nutritional plan be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format introduce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following Use be highlighted in PA and discussed about in MIT must ensure the following Use Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following Use assignment and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in MM .

Agro Credit Case Study

Creating a Process-Driven Organization at AGCredit Answer 1-AgCredit was a Midwest Agriculture Credit and Loan crook along. It was a midsize financial institution pointing on agri line of merchandise. It had grown signifi butt jointtly in the past few old age and was holding its own against other, much larger banks because of its extensive customer knowledge. Kate Longair to the CEO of the smart set explained alone the does and the systems the company used and how they were integrated using a represented view for the same. The CEO then decided upon the occupy for change into various departments to bring about a shift key in stock.Finney, the CEO wanted to focus on AgCredits key strategic drivers which included continuous growth, expanded customer relationships, the ability to spend more time with the customer, the ability to cross-sell between business divisions and the ability to provide a consistent customer experience across all put ony channels. The CEOs vision for gr owth was to create a customer-centric physical composition by using technology to support people and processes. Realizing that systems integration by itself would not produce the desired result, management redesigned the companys business processes from beginning to end.Now the challenge was to redesign the IT organization to support the new organization structure. Answer 2- IT organizations serve two purposes development (i. e. , which involves the acquisition of new systems and technology and the implementation of these new systems into the croakplace) and operations (i. e. , which involves running the data center, production programs and networking infrastructure is decentralized. It leads to facilitation of various business processes across the bank. IT was in a significant state of disarray.Absence of distract IT Governance as well as an architecture plan. IT was organized in silos to mirror AgCredits divisional structure and each business unit own and governed its own IT Projects. The company has outsourced chunks of IT functions. The tasks are unevenly and randomly divided amongst the mental faculty irrespective of their expertise. The current structure seems to be more like the enterprise point architecture. Due to irregular IT organizational structure many problems arouse with the business processes which led to different choice for the architecture of IT.The structure moreover has a cross-silo stream which creates confusion amongst the business processes as well as data mess. The information appears in various formats, which is difficult to reconcile. Answer 3- Key Issues IT was completely disordered and lack of systems integration. Everyone was aware of adding value to processes to the company but how the business strategy would fit with everyone elses to deliver enterprise value was unknown by others. at that place exists lack of knowledge of business processes and how they worked together.The key business processes had never been writt en down before and hence they consumeful to be documented. The front line staff had to access many systems for simple business processes. IT was in a significant state of disarray. A key problem was application centric get along the organization took to its work. Business people would demand new systems from IT for every process whereas IT staff would always train them to shop use of the existing systems. This created data mess as there were various systems with loads of information scattered everywhere.Due to this the information appeared in different formats, which were difficult to reconcile. This was a significant challenge when creating accurate reports for banking and other judicature regulators. IT is negative in business expense, inability to get work done in a timely fashion, bad information, customer complaints and poorly trained IT staff. AgCredit starts with no formal IT architecture. It is also about the work the business needs to do first in order to create the ri ght environment for IT transformation, i. . , a process focus and a business value focus, not a systems focus. It stresses that optimizing the enterprise is the new source of business value and this means integrated processes across the company and integrated information. To achieve this, IT ordain need to transform its structure, governance, and approach to systems development. Answer 4- Proposed IT Organizational Structure Decentralized organizational structures often have some(prenominal)(prenominal) individuals responsible for qualification business decisions and running the business.Decentralized organizations rely on a team environment at different trains in the business. Individuals at each level in the business may have some autonomy to make business decisions. The challenge for IT will be in the transformation because it will need to have a structure that supports where the organization is going, while still respecting the fact that it is not there yet. IT should be ali gned with processes, not individual business functions and all new development should be undertaken with the process owners and with the approval of the Enterprise Integration Program.It indicates that all business-facing IT functions should be aligned with the major business processes that have been identified. Internally, therefore IT will need groups dedicated to each of the major systems that currently support the business. These groups will be responsible for all maintenance and any new development needed to keep the organization running smoothly while new service-oriented functionality and common data are put in place. These groups will be needed to make the necessary adjustments to existing systems as this new functionality is put in place.Pros- Redesigning a company towards a process- ground organization implies that all activities, which logically belong together in order to create value for the customer, are grouped together. Customer-processes are defined and taken as the basis for an organizational unit. Development- and planning and admit- processes that are necessary for reaching the core objective of the unit are implied. This implies that the organizational structure of a business or a company is based on organizational units which are organized around the core processes.Structuring a business or a company process-wise implies that coordination across process units is kept at a minimum. The following paragraphs illustrate how companies or business units can be structured around processes. Answer 5- Project Selection Process to pick up alignment with the enterprise business Vision- Effective collaboration between business and IT is essential to the success of both SOA and BPM. A Business Rule Engine can act both as a technology and collaboration enabler the below points will explain how the organization can improve business processes and move toward SOA by focusing on these strategies. . Streamline business processes by separating business log ic from flow logic 2. Create processes that are more agile by making it easy to update business logic 3. Align the business goal of more dynamic decision-making with SOA technology 4. Enable effective IT-Business collaboration by talent IT the control it needs and Business Users the tools they need to maintain business logic Some projects will be foundational in nature, i. e. , be prerequisites to other projects others may be needed to upgrade the IT infrastructure.It will therefore be important that the IT Steering Committee consider a variety of dimensions of project value, in addition to ROI, in determining which projects they would like to undertake. Projects which are functional in nature would therefore not score as lavishlyly as those which contribute towards the overall company strategy. All business leaders should consider all IT projects and make a decision as to which ones to undertake according to their enterprise value. The CIO should also ensure that foundational work is considered and ranked appropriately to enable IT to carry out the business visionAnswer 6- Manley Make the case for Service-oriented architecture (SOA) helps organizations more easily transform their business processes for high performance by simplifying the underlying information systems. Old architectural approaches that once expanded business opportunities now limit growthbut existing systems cannot be simply be replaced. Service-oriented architecture gives existing systems the flexibility and agility to respond to a business environment which is changing rapidly.Service-oriented architectures allow businesses and governments to capitalize on probability by-Becoming more agile, driving cost reductions, Boosting ROI Manley has to prove that SOA will work and that IT can deliver on what it promises. He doesnt necessarily have to deliver a project that will have an ROI, but he has to work with the EIP to identify a small sub-process that will demonstrate that SOA can deliver fu nctionality in a new way that will be effective for the organization. If he can automate a small process and show how it integrates with various data and systems in a new way, the business will get it.Answer 7- Internal IT Capabilities should include the following to create an IT department that helps build business architecture- * A full-time staff of programmers, developers, and other IT professionals * The ability to rapidly develop and deploy large, complex data collection and direct marketing solutions in-house using interior(a) resources * Professional consulting services in the areas of marketing, business process improvement, supply chain management, and process optimization for customer satisfaction.IT will need business analysts who can play an intermediary role between business and technology. These analysts will need to deeply experience a particular business process and have the skills to develop cooperative relationships with the business leaders of the various func tions involved in the process and to work with them to document their process requirements. Solutions architects will need to deeply assure the services approach to assembling systems and to be able to pull together the appropriate services, data and knowledge to deliver the required functionality.Data analysts will be needed to deeply understand the companys data and to work with the business to create single sources of key business information and to establish data standards. Finally, the company will need excellent IT architects who will build a technology roadmap for data and services and who will manage the processes. Answer 8- Aspects of IT Governance important for supporting the transformation It is important that everyone in IT understands where IT is going and what their responsibilities and accountabilities are.It is also important that IT staff insulate the business from the technical compromises that will necessarily result from the actual transition, which could take s everal years. Therefore, the business-facing IT governance must be process-centric, while internal IT governance will necessarily be a mix. Business must also clearly understand its responsibilities and accountabilities and these must be enforced. * Define goals and strategies * Define standards, policies, procedures, around financial, Portfolio, Project, service, etc. * Define metrics * Put Governance mechanism in place * Analyze and alter existing processes Refine and go to the next level Key IT Governance Strategy and aspects for transformation- * IT Principles * IT Architecture * IT Infrastructure * Business application needs * IT investment and prioritization * People (human capital) development * IT Governance policies, processes, mechanisms, tools and metrics- decisions on composition and roles of steering groups, advisory councils, technical and architecture working committees, project teams key performance indicators(KPIs), chargeback alternatives, performance reporting, meaningful audit process and the need to have business owner for each project and investment.

Is India Safe for Its Residents? Essay

In fact I think INDIA is the safest place to live in on earth for Indians.Yes I do agree that in that respect is terror of terrorism but then u need to firmly fight againstit. U can run off ur responsibilities by saying that India is not a safe place. Toh.. do u think that settling down in foreign can make u feel secure If u think so ur definitely wrong Are Indians safe in a country like AUSTRALIA,infact Indians argon insultedthere and where ever we go and what ever we do..there is nothing that equals our mother and mother land. violence and problems maybe a trouble for us ..but i think there will be no placewith knocked out(p) problems . what we need to do is justto manage ourselves any ways to sum it up..INDIA IS THE SUPERIOR,THE SUPREME AND THE HEAVEN FOR INDIANS. right______________________________________In India there has been lack of semipolitical will and imperative decision making to bring such fugitives to justice. Barely a month later, with the Delhi blasts this weeken d, the NSA might have to revise his earlier estimate his claimssound meaningless. Jammu and Kashmir is facing unrest. The Northeast is unsettled.West Bengal andTelangana are simmering, over 160 districts in 13 states are in the grip of left wing extremism. While the crime rate is growing, abductions and extortions have almost incur an industry. The rangdari and supari culture is now a new brandof threat to the Indian citizen.Money laundering, hawala, small arms proliferation and human trafficking are on the rise. The debate on countering these inhering threats, however,has been overwhelmed by politics, rather than deterrent action.While India seems tobe safe are Indians secure? Or are we on course to a functional anarchy? Indias current crisis of internal security has been a concern particularly since December 2001.When terrorists assaulted Parliament, they struck at Indias nerve centre a qualitatively different target and at variance with Indias previous experience with multiple threats of insurgencies, terrorism, left wing extremism, narcotic trafficking, religious fundamentalism and subnationalism. The Indian security apparatus and elite are more often than not indifferent, or have shied away from formulating an internal security doctrine. There has been no serious attempt to institutionalise a mechanism, direction or assertive insurance to deal with internal threats interim, ad hoc and incremental means have been the favoured methods adopted by successive governments. There is virtually no means to define coherentlythe resistance within. The continuous assault on Indian citizens and their psyche has shown clearly that the security apparatus has failed to plug the reocurrence of terrorist attacks.The intelligence fraternity gropes in the dark about the veritable strength, source, capacity and logistics of the enemys next attack.With our domestic security apparatus going so horribly awry we can take it for granted that we will almost never apprehend the killers. Worse, these terror attacks and militancy are seen as merely a right andorder concern and treated as subject of state, whenever, political violence on a massive scale breaks out in a state, the police become the first responders. The police in India are trained, equipped and mentally conditioned to deal only with civil disorders.When confronted with serious threats to internal securitylike terrorism, insurgency and other proxy war situations, they find it difficult to respond effectively. In such a situation, the state seeks the expertise of paramilitary forces.Creation of fast track courts to avoid judicial delay and enactment of a deterrent anti-terror law would constitute an essential step forward. The need of the hour is toinstitutionalise, develop procedures and processesthat would boost inter institutional co-ordination, facilitate nonrecreational conduct of operations on athorough, professional policy analysis. Lack of professional mindset for informed debate, fi erce expression of spite, bitterness and mutual political acrimony take place instead of plastic policy discussions

Plato’s Revolution Work

Professors Name Class Name Date Plato was a renowned philosopher in the beforehand(predicate) times. He has worryt with diverse themes in his work much(prenominal) as the politea, the philosopher king among others. He was in the early years inspired to be shape up a politician but later on was demoralized by the circumstances that continueed in the environment that he was in. He however diverted his focus to the translate of ism. The final work that he did is norm tout ensembley taken to be comprised of a set of seven dialogues. His mentor, Socrates who was to a fault his t apieceer greatly inspired his work.He was the low to establish an academy in Athens. He greatly helped to lay the foundations of most of the western school of thought. A. N Whitehead asserts that most of the European philosophy contains foot nones of Plato. One of the great works of Plato concerns the republic, popular as politeia, which contains a wealth of descriptive materials on the pleasing of a r epublic that dispenses conscionableice and the skillful kind of leadership expect in such a just society. The Platos republic dialogues took place around the time of Peloponnesian War. The work describes how an com localisationl leadership brush off be achieved in the society.In addition, Plato also describes how an ideal leader cigarette be able to attain the best character that can enable him/her to be the right leader in the society. He call(a)s the ultimate position that one attains to become the best leader as sunnum bonnum. He describes the impression of justice in an in-depth manner. He treats the concept of justice both from the societal point of view and from the point of view of the one-on-one. He argues out that there ar two things that an individual can hold in life. There is pragmatism and just appearance (Plato & Jowett, 1941).There is also the rightful means of acquiring intimacy. The foundations of morality be also all the way e restrictionated in the wor k of the republic. He also says that there argon the right components of an effective cultivation which an individual must(prenominal)(prenominal) follow in ordinate to be the best leader in any given society. Basing on the work of Plato, the reality of nature is not always contained in what we can be able to see. He says that human beings who have attained the highest sense of comeledge be those whose focus transcends the visible(a) world to focus to the invisible. He perceives hat the visible in most times can be deceiving. His first attempt was to give a detailed account of the analysis of the formation and organization of the state. He then used this to apply to the individual person. According to him, the reason why we form a society is because we cannot be self sufficient as individuals. We atomic number 18 exceedingly dependent on each other. No one is self sufficient that can work alone and acquire of the necessities of life. The society is whence comprised of in dividuals who come together so that they can be able to achieve green goals.The discussion on the significance of society elaborates further that specialization and division of labor leads to establishment of a worthwhile community. This concept is in line with the idea held by the functionalism sociological theories which holds the idea that the attainment of harmony in the society results when individuals are held responsible in different positions in the society. He gives an example of a typical society composed of the citizens in addition to other classes that ensure mutual benefit. There are the guardians, who are held responsible for societys management.There are different types of guardians, the soldiers and the rulers. The function of the soldiers is to defend the state against impertinent attack by enemies. The work of the rulers is to make decisions concerning the public as well as resolve disagreements among citizens. The soldiers cannot have private properties or have children and they can be from both genders. They are perceived to see reality beyond what the senses can allow them to reach. I can agree with Platos concept of justice regarding the responsibilities of the different classes in the state.However, I disagree with his concept on the restrictions that are to be imposed on the guardians. The inborn division of each persons responsibilities where the children whose parents are rulers take up the responsibilities as well as the idea of telling lies or myths when they are called. The choice of rulers basing on inheritance is not also objective. This is because the choice of incoming leaders from the outgoing leaders children leaves out the possibility of electing the rightful leader from among the general population.To be able to govern the state, the guardians have to be special hatful. They must be endowed with capacity to be temperamental. They have to think philosophically. The value of good education was emphasized in Platos concep t of the republic. He advocated for an unionised and an in-depth system that will ensure that the individual will definitely attain the highest sense of education. This will erase the issue of the person confusing between deceptions/ illusions with reality. The highly educated man will eventually gain all the necessary skills to be able to govern the state.Self-deception on the other hand created by lack of sufficient education, may lead to an individuals ignorance of the truth about their natures as human beings. From his point of approach, Plato says that it is important to control the kind of materials that children are in touch with. Those that they read see and hear. The training given to the individuals in form of education is the one that equips them to be able to handle the governance of the state. Depending on the level of training of the person, they can either be the soldiers or the rulers.However, the concept of natural selection of leaders will possibly be threatened b y a revolution against the guardians if they do not meet the expectations of the subjects. From Platos point of view, the society needs first to convince the general population on the idea of natural division of labor from childhood. This idea would play a big role in shaping the thinking of the children and the great deal in general such that their minds will be fixed. This is contrary to his ideas on the potentiality of human mind as explicitly developed in the analogy of the spelunk.The justification of purity on the position of the individual in the society will create natural hierarchy which will indirectly affect the fictitious character of leadership in the society. His approach is however, aimed at preventing the citizens from rebelling as well as keeping justice by everyone doing what he/she is supposed to be doing. The children harmonize to Platos idea should only be taught the germane(predicate) material and literature that will ultimately ensure that they are skill ed on the area of their duties.There should be restrictions as well as the quality on what the children are taught to ensure that satisfaction and efficiency in the states activities are maintained. However, there could be self deception by the children of the guardians that they are the best to take over from their parents which creates a false illusion (Plato & Jowett, 1941). Quality of leadership can be compromised which would hitherto disrupt Platos just society. Platos concept also emphasizes gender equality. It does not differentiate between the men and women.He believes that both men and women have equal skilful capacity. Therefore according to him, the women as well can also be able to perform roles such as being guardians because their children will be reared by different parents. They are also detached from enjoying worldly pleasures such as being paid lowly. These disadvantages therefore discourage others from aspiring from becoming guardians. The guardians would approa ch issues from philosophical points of view and education that provided them with training that ensured that they reach the highest level of education.This would enable them to be able to distinguish between fiction and reality. This achievement is what Plato calls the highest sense of goodness, sunnum bonnum (Plato & Jowett, 1941). With this situation, they have attained the highest level of knowledge that can enable them to rule the people. The progress of the guardians is compared to the case of prisoners in an underground cave who are in darkness. At first, they could see shadows in the cave as reality (Watt, 1997). The people can however detach themselves and receive the get down or truth.They are at first reluctant to receive the truth. The litigate of judgment according to Plato is a painful one entailing a lot of courage, persistence and patience. After the individual receives the truth concerning the reality, they should also enlighten others so that they should also kno w the reality and change the society. This is what produces change in the society. The training explained by Plato is the one that is directed towards the perceived guardians. The level of performance of the children being trained at an early age depends on whether they can be guardians or not.It also depends on whether they will be soldiers or rulers. To Plato, it is the duty of the society to be able to target a kind of educational system that will distinguish the future citizens roles. The training of the young people should be in line with their abilities (Plato & Jowett, 1941). trio distinct people in the state are brought out by Plato rulers, soldiers and the commoners (Plato & Jowett, 1941). He maintained that membership in the guardian class will altogether depend on the possession of appropriate skills.However, he held the idea that the off springs of the current guardians will most probably take over from them. These believe held by Plato is probably a means of social control and a tool used to maintain the status quo even by the unscrupulous leaders. Severe restrictions should be imposed to the guardians to control their quest to own properties. Since they are already endowed with superior natures, there is no need for wealth or other external rewards. The guardians should not own private properties. They should not also earn surplus income more than what fulfils their basic needs.In this case, most people will be discouraged from seeking the position of leadership. The kind of leadership that he advocates is the one that seeks the welfare of the state. This will ensure that the best of the citizens will be attained. The different classes working for the common good of the state need to school certain qualities or virtues in hunting lodge to achieve the best. The rulers, being responsible for making public decisions which affect the citizens, must have the virtue of wisdom. This is the capacity to make the right decisions, make impartial judgm ents and comprehend reality.The soldiers are endowed with the capacity to defend the state. They must therefore develop the virtue of courage. This is the willingness to generate oneself and offer themselves to accomplish the interests of the state careless(predicate) of their personalized welfares such as personal risks. The commoners must not pursue their own personal interests but must in all capacities strive to obey rules that emanate from the leaders. They must therefore exhibit the virtue of moderation. This involves the process of moderating ones personal desires for the occasion of a higher course.Plato asserted that when the different classes play their roles without overlapping with the roles of the other party, harmony is attained in the society and everything flows smoothly (Watt, 1997). neverthelessice according to him is not the exclusive responsibility of one of the classes but it is the harmonious interrelationship between the different classes in the state. He then used the concept of the state to explain the virtues of the individual human beings. He presumed that just like the state, the individual has a complex system of different move that function to attain harmony at heart the individual.The physical body corresponds to the land, buildings and other physical material resources of the city. In addition, every human being has got three souls that correspond to the three classes in the state. Each of them contributes in their own way to the successful operation of the person as a whole. There is the rational soul. It is also the mind or the intellect. This is the thinking portion of all humans that is responsible for discernment of reality and differentiates it with illusions. What is right and what is wrong, what is true and what is false. There is also the spirited soul.It is the active portion of the humans that normally acts the will of the intellect. in conclusion we have the appetitive soul, which is emotional and contains de sires. It wants and feels many desires. Most of the desires emanating from it must be deferred if the individual is to exercise self control directed by the rational pursuits. Just as in the case of a well organized state, justice in an individual is achieved when all the components making up the individual work in harmony. The tripartite division as explained by Plato forms the basis of understanding the individual.From the view that Plato develops, justice is break down than injustice. True justice in human beings is a kind of good health that can only be attained when all the sections of the soul work together in harmony (Irwin, 1999). In an unjust person, the parts are in constant conflicts, poorly organized and disintegrated compromising the personality. The whole idea of the state is explained by Plato from the philosophical point of view. He states that philosophy opens up peoples thinking to be able to see far. This is parallel to the light provided by the sun.Philosophy is a great tool that helps people to be able to deal with life issues on a logical point of view. Just like the sun sheds light in the morning and darkness disappears, the same way philosophy enlightens the individual to be able to view issues from a astrayr and in depth perspective. This helps one to solve issues that affect the individual and those that affect the society. According to Plato, the love of philosophy is the love of reality. Those who remain in the world of shadows miss a lot of reality. When they are enlightened, they behave in the most noble way.To elaborate further the issue of enlightenment brought about by philosophy, Plato used the analogy of the cave. The allegory of the cave presents a condition where a group of prisoners are chained in a cave. The cave is dimly lit. The prisoners cannot be able to turn their heads and hands because they are fastened by ropes. They stare to a wall in front all day. There is a footling fire outside the cave. A group of puppete ers are walking along a small raised path which is contiguous to the cave. The small fire projects shadows on the wall they are facing on. They just see the shadows of the objects which are outside.They believe that the shadows that they see are true. The people have been in the cave since childhood and have never seen the outside light (Plato & Jowett, 1941). The raised path also contains people who are walking along it. As coarse some are talking while others are silent. The prisoners just see the shadows of the objects in the opposite wall. They cannot be able to see the real objects because their legs, hands and necks are fast chained. What they can only see images of themselves as well as the images of the outside objects being projected by the fire which is lit outside.They do not also hear the reality of what the people are saying. To them the truth is literally nothing else than the shadows that they can see (Plato & Jowett, 1941). Plato tries to explain what would happen when the prisoners are released from the underground cave. Plato explains what would happen when one of the prisoners is liberated and allowed to see the real objects outside. When one of the individuals is allowed to see the light outside, the eyes will suffer sharp pains due to the glare of the light outside. At first, he will not be able to see the realities which at first he had seen as shadows.He will also count someone saying to him that what he was saying was just an illusion. When he gets nearer to the reality and more light continues to shed on him, he is likely to controvert differently from his earlier conditions. If he is asked to name the objects that are real, he is likely to say that the shadows he saw earlier were the real objects and that what he was being shown was the illusion. When he is compelled to look straight into the glare, he might feel a sharp pain in the eyes that will compel him to resist reality and kinda want to go back to see the objects which he can see without the pain.When he will be forced to see the light of the sun, he is also likely to be pained and irritated. When he approaches to the light, the eyes are likely to be temporarily blinded and he may not see anything of the realities. other released prisoners are likely to behave differently. Some are likely to be resilient while others are likely to hold to the reality world. In explaining this, when each of the individuals are placed in such a situation, they are also likely to behave in a similar to the prisoners. The allegory of the cave explains the process in which individuals undergo in the process of being enlightened.Each of the human beings has their own cave that they live in before the process of enlightenment turns an individual to think objectively. When one is not enlightened, they are like prisoners who are living in an underground cave. They always have the habit of seeing darkness. They distort reality and confuse reality for illusions. In a politica l situation for instance, the leaders do not know the reality about how they are supposed to lead. They therefore lead the people in the wrong direction because of the concepts that they hold which are not universal and are based on superficial reasoning.From a wide field of view, Plato believes that to maintain harmony and justice in society, everyone should be able to perform his/her activity in the society. I agree with this conception of Plato because a just and an efficient society is where there is no overlapping of issues. Where individuals play roles that they are not meant to be playing, there will be confusion and conflict is likely to arise in such situations. For instance, in a typical society where the police have been employed, they are supposed to maintain law and order in order to ensure that activities in the society run normally.They will punish the law breakers which will ensure that vices do not happen in the society. On another level, the traffic police would be able to deal with the drivers who break traffic rules. This will ultimately tend to minimize the accidents that happen on the roads. This ultimately produces harmony in the society. The issue that the lives of individuals are predetermined raises concerns on the freedom of the individual to rise to the position of leadership based on merit. private freedom is the key factor that determines who we are.Individuals should therefore be given a chance to choose the kind of life that they want to lead. It is through freedom that people come to know the kind of positions that is best suited to them. This happens through the meaning that is attached to things. In this case, Plato seems to ignore important factors such as hard work, peevishness and experience that allow humans to do extremely well in their endeavors even though they may not seem to be naturally intellectual in such areas. Success in matters concerning leadership requires an integration of different factors apart from the natural qualities.Tasks are accomplished easily by use of the natural talents but they do not guarantee efficient accomplishment. Moreover, people with the zeal to succeed in certain tasks may at times do it better than those who are gifted because they are motivated to excel in such activities. A contradiction also arises in the case where Plato advocates for telling of lies in order to perpetuate the natural division of the different roles. On one hand, Plato advocates for morality. On the other hand, it is ironical to advice the educators to propagate falsehoods in order to reinforce the issue of naturalness of division of labor.Educators are meant to be role models in terms of being a role moral educator. Kant argues that everybody is equal, free and able to reason. Therefore holding the believe that the guardians are pure and are the ones who can only reason logically is a fallacy. The fact that the guardians are endowed with the capability of thinking philosophically does not in any way deny other people a chance to exploit their intellectual capability. The focus of such a concept can only be aimed at maintaining the status quo of the elites.They therefore prevent other categories from accessing chances in such status and analyzing the different possibilities of change that can be effected. (Foster,1937). The concept of Plato seems to bring about discrimination in the society. This happens when he advocates for the guardians to choose their partners from their fellow guardians. This will consequently tend to maintain power and authority among a small group of people. It is viable to choose leaders by producing intelligent people with philosophical thinkers. The idea that the guardians should live in poverty without families or property possession is a violation of human nature.Plato provides an ideal situation of a different human who can live special lives. They can even fully sacrifice their comforts for the sake of the general population. This howev er is not always the truth. It could be hard if such a system was to be induced (Foster,1937). Most of the people are employed to gain material wealth. Denying them such kind of a right would repel services from such people. Platos concept of the allegory of the cave is highly applicable especially in the contemporary society. First, it brings out the real meaning of education.From his explanation, education is not meant to make individuals conform to the prevailing conditions. It is meant to reform the intellectual capability of the individual such that they can be able to discover issues on their own. The work of the educator is to ignite the person. From there the learner can be able to discover things on their own. He refuses to believe that the human mind is limited in any way. He believes that the human intellect is special in that it has an endless potential to venture into the infinite world of possibilities.From this understanding, human beings may realize their full potent ial and engage their full potential in work out problems especially those that affect the society. For example in leadership, the leaders should not be limited to the thinking applied since their childhood. As they grow up they should learn to adapt to new ways of solving problems and relating with the general public. Platos concept will also help every individual to respect each other regardless of their tribe or race as long as they understand that they are all special creatures.In a nutshell therefore, the work of Plato is still important today as it can be applied to solve many problems in the current society. Works cited M. B. Foster. A Mistake of Platos in the land. Mind, 46 (1937) 386393. T. H. Irwin. Republic 2 Questions about Justice. in Plato 2 Ethics, Politics, Religion, and the Soul, ed. , Gail Fine (Oxford Oxford University Press, 1999), 164185. Watt, Stephen (1997), Introduction The Theory of Forms , Plato Republic, London Wordsworth Editions, pp. pages xivx Plato , & Jowett, B. (1941). Platos The Republic. New York The Modern Library.

Diva Shoes Questions

Questions for Diva Shoes Note you have to treat these questions but you can address other issues as well within the format constraints.1. What are Divas projected profits for the fiscal year ending September 1995?2. What factors affect a firms motion picture to exchange-rate risk?3. Forward traders quoted forward and futures prices based on the difference between foreign and U. S. interest rates. Explain what this means in your own words and why ?4. In addition, some of Divas foreign exchange risk was reduced by offsetting inflows and outflows in particular markets. Explain what an operational hedge is with examples of your own.5. What did Bisno perceive as the cost of doing business overseas ? does his perception make economic sense ? Why or why not ?6. Explain exactly how to thought the annualized standard deviation of lognormal returns of exchange rates relative to U. S. dollars. How would you do the calculation if the data were weekly instead of monthly ? daily ? explain in detail.7. How a lot exposure to exchange-rate risk does Diva Shoes have in April 1995? explain in detail and with numbers.8. Suppose that Diva chooses to hedge its exposure in hankering using the forward contract described in case appendix A or the currency option described in case Appendix B. Assume that you lock in these contracts at the forward price implied by interest-rate parity for September 1995. Draw the payoffs to the position at maturity for each pick with the exchange rate defined in USD/JPY x 10,000 units (i. e. , the same units as the currency option is quoted).9. What do you see as the trade-offs between the alternatives for hedging ? 10. Do you think Bisno should remain strictly a shoe salesman or do you favor hedging his exposure? If you favor hedging, which alternative would you recommend to him?

Huckleberry Finn’s Road to Maturation

huck states to Judge Thatcher Please take it, and dont ask me nothing and so I wont have to tell no lies (16). That quote is said by huck to Judge Thatcher when Huck finds his pap is in town and pap will try to take his money. The growing of Huckleberry Finn is important because its nigh Huck making the right decisions to help him and Jim to freedom. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, begins with Huck introducing himself. He is wild and carefree, contend jokes on people and believing them all to be hilarious.When his adventures grow to require more maturity than ever, in that location is a drastic change in his opinions, thoughts, and his views of right and wrong. By the time the book is over, it is sheer that he has matured greatly since the introduction of the novel. Mark Twain is making a point somewhat Hucks maturation the specific point he is making is that even though Huck had a rough past he still does his best to make himself and his friend Jim a gleami ng future. This analysis will include Hucks loyalty to Jim, Hucks bravery, and when Huck feels bad about his actions. Huckleberry Finns Road to Maturation

Christianity and Buddhism

Two different faiths saviourianity and Buddhism. These two religions that have pillars centered on deliveryman messiah and Gautama Buddha respectively. Christianity has had a wide influence, stretching across the world and with leading figures bowl overle chairwoman George Bush (USA), Senator Hillary Clinton, and even the Pope, a whole stepual leader of the Catholic Church and head of the Vatican sate. Buddhism, though broadly speaking predominant in the orient world, has penetrated the Western cultures, Hollywoods Richard Gere, Tina Turner, and L. A Lakers coach, Phil Jackson have identify with the Buddhists Faith finished its spiritual leader the Dalai Lama.These two faiths have par each(prenominal)els. In contrast or proportion the two faiths meet and also depart at the foundational level of the very pillars of Jesus Christ and Gautama Buddha. The Differences At the very mowork forcet of contain Jesus Christ was innate(p) in a manger in the midst of want and desolation. consort to biblical scriptures he was born among the poor. Gautama Buddha on the other hand, was born in a palace where his father who was the ruler of a region within present day Nepal, make sure that he lived within the pleasures and wealth of his empire.In addition, Buddha lived as a prince, as royalty whereas Christ was born into a family where the father figure was a carpenter and he had to learn the skills of carpentry. The god of Jesus Christ has a divergence from that of Buddha. Jesus Christ claimed that he was the only Son of God. The sacred scripture in umpteen of its texts reaffirms this divinity to a tune of calling Jesus Christ, the bearing of God as man. Buddha However, claimed no divinity in person. Only that about 700 long time after Buddha passed on, Mahayana Buddhism attached divinity to the character of Gautama. .Buddha worked out no miracles, signs or wonders. The bible however, in the New Testa workforcet is wrought with events of miracles of Jesus Christ. F rom the beginning of the synoptic sacred doctrine or Matthew, through Mark, Luke and John, the Lord Jesus Christ healed the afflicted stopped and calmed a stormy sea among other miracles. Jesus Christ, speaking on the mount espoused and blessed those who hunger and thirst for business for they shall be satisfied. He encouraged his followers to seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness and all other things would be added unto them (who believed).However Buddha saw the need of eliminating craving and desire and as such attains enlightment. Jesus Christ tell I am the Way, the Truth and the Life. Buddha however, took the role of a guide, a religious Way Shower. Buddha had a means to the nirvana for the believer, but each believer had to find his or her own path Buddha is buried in the Himalaya Mountains, at Kusinara. He never resurrected. After crucifixion and death, Christ resurrected on the third day triumphing over death and sin. The SimilaritiesThe Buddhist scripture s tell of Buddhas mother, Mahamaya, being do to carry child Buddha in her womb through the power of the holy Spirit. Also a heavenly messenger informed Mahamaya of the way she was to bear the son of the highest kings. Many other events followed the nascence of Buddha like the appearance of the flower Star in the East, and also a group of nonsuchic messengers renowned the birth of Buddha. The birth of Christ is foretold in the scriptures of the bible as the mother Mary was made to conceive through the immaculate conception of the Holy Spirit.Angels also ministered unto Mary telling her that she would bear a son who would spare the world. In addition the star of the east shone bright and did guide the three Magi to see and proclaim the birth of the king of KingsAt the birth of Jesus Christ King Herod set out to kill all the male firstborns with a view of eliminating any possible challenger to his throne. Not forgetting that stark(a) Mary induce of Jesus had to run and hide the kid Jesus from the executioners. For the case of Buddha he was born of a Virgin called Maya. King Bimbasara wanted him dead as he thought that Buddha would one day ascend the throne.Buddha stunned the wizened old men and priests of the temple just as Jesus Christ did to the Pharisees and teachers of the Mosaic integrity twain achieved this at the age of 12. James Hastings, in the book encyclopedia of religion and ethics rascal 883 tells of Buddha demanding of his disciples that they renounce all forms of worldly possessions. The number of the disciples increased rapidly, and Gautama sent forth his monks on missionary tours here and thither, bidding them wonder everywhere, preaching the doctrine, and teaching them to order their lives with self restraints, simplicity and charity.On the other hand Jesus Christ called to himself the twelve disciples sending them out two by two. So they went out and preached that men should repent Mark 67-12. According to the book of Mathew 2819, Je sus Christ was part of a trinity. The Chinese (1836) alludes to the fact that Buddha is part of trinity. Indeed the two are part of trinities expressed in both religions. At birth Buddha was declared divine as was Jesus Christ. The book of Mathew, tells of the Magi who came to present Jesus with gifts and idolisationping him as divine.On the other hand the divinity of Buddha was bestowed on him according to the Buddhist faith. The book of Matthew 22 has an angel announcing the birth of Jesus Christ. Buddhas birth was also foretold by a celestial body. They both claimed to be royal descent. Jesus Christ traced his bloodline to that of King David. Buddha, whose father is Sodhodana, has the royalty also traced to the first dynasty of Maha Sammata. At the birth Christ was presented with gifts of myrrh, frankincense and gold. On the other hand, Buddha received precious substances and priceless Jewels.The synoptic gospel of Matthew tails of the transfiguration of Jesus Christ on the mou ntain. For Buddha, it also happened on a mountain where A flame of light engulfed his head, shining as the sun or moon. The scriptures tell of the angels praising in heaven at their birth. For Jesus, the bible records, Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace, goodwill among men. For Buddha it is written Today, Bodhisattva is born on earth, to give joy and peace to men and Devas (angels), to shed light on the dark places, and to give sight to the blind.De Bunsen, in page 45 notes that Buddha was baptized in the presence of the spirit of God. Jesus Christ in Matthew 316 is baptized in the presence of the spirit of God. According to Max. Muller in the book Introduction to the Science of Religion, two very quasi(prenominal) incidences happened in the lives of Jesus and Buddha. Muller explains Ananda, the disciple of Buddha, after a long walk in the country, meets with Matangi, a woman of the low caste of the Kandalas, near a well and subscribe tos her for some waters. She tells him what she is and that she must not get on with near him.Ananda replies my sister, I ask not for your caste or family, I ask only for a drought of water. She afterwards becomes a disciple of Buddha. The bible on the other hand tells the story of the Samaritan woman. According to the book of John 47-9 there came a woman of Samaria to draw water Jesus said to her give me a drink for his disciples had gone to the city to buy food. The Samaritan woman said to him how is it that you, a Jew, ask a drink of me, a woman of Samaria? for Jews have no dealing with Samaritans, They launched their careers at an almost comparable age.Its at age 29 that Buddha went to the garden, saw a monk who was calm, tranquil, self possessed, serene and dignified. The prince, (Buddha, stubborn to become such a monk. The Christian book says Jesus, when he begun his ministry, was about 30 years of age. Both were tempted by the devil. In Matthew 410, All these I will give you if you worship me Christ was told. And Buddha was told go not forth to adopt a religious life but output to your kingdom and in seven days you shall become emperor of the world, riding over four continents.Both celebrated overcoming evil, for Jesus, according to Matthew 411 the angels come and ministered to him. For Buddha, The skies rained flowers, as delicious odors prevailed in the air EXECUTIVE summary Perhaps the best conclusion to these differences and similarities are the actions made in the lives and times of these men. And this has to do with expressing faith where mental rejection abounds. So another similarity among the two men is come, so Peter got out of the gravy boat and walked on the water and came to Jesus, but when he saw the wind he was afraid, and beginning to sink he cried out.Lord, save me as shown in Matthew 1429-30. Buddha showed skeptical villagers his disciple walking across a river without sinking feeling. In addition some incidences attest to the similarity of their situation lik e the time that Buddha took a distill birth in the river Nerajara, just as Christ Jesus too was baptized in the river Jordan. The bible recounts the journey of Christ riding on a donkey with fronds of palm spread out for him on the way. Though slightly different the story of Buddha is centered on his riding a horse, with flowers being tossed by angels.Jesus Christ was poor, lacking in earthly possessions and encouraging the wealthy to sell all they had and follow him. Buddha was no different he took an oath of embracing poverty and even wondered home Less, advising his disciples, who were 12 as those of Jesus, to journey without money, trusting to the aid of providence. 1. http//www. probe. org 2. http//www. lucidcafe. com 3. http//www. encyclopedia. farlex. com/buddhist. 4. http//www. moonpointer. com 5. http//www. songha. org/index. html